Google TPUs
The largest fleet of custom AI silicon ever built, and the reason Epoch AI puts Google ahead of every other single owner of compute. TPUs are deployed only inside Google — none are sold — so this slice is a private supply chain from wafer to workload.
Google TPUs over time
Installed compute in zettaFLOP/s, log scale, 2008 → present. A straight line on this axis means steady exponential growth; the slope is the doubling rate. History before the 2026 anchor is reconstructed — see the methodology.
Epoch AI fleet estimate x Google custom-silicon share, converted at dense BF16.
~2.7M H100-equivalents across TPU v5e, v5p, v6e (Trillium) and v7.
Overlap treatment: Google's NVIDIA GPUs sit in the NVIDIA line; this is TPU silicon only, so the two do not overlap.
Growth: compounding at 4.40× a year (5.6-month doubling) between published vintages.