Other AI silicon
Everyone else building accelerators: Huawei's Ascend line serving a market NVIDIA cannot legally sell into, Meta's MTIA and Microsoft's Maia serving their own datacenters, and the wafer-scale and deterministic-inference startups. Individually small, collectively larger than AMD.
Other AI silicon over time
Installed compute in zettaFLOP/s, log scale, 2008 → present. A straight line on this axis means steady exponential growth; the slope is the doubling rate. History before the 2026 anchor is reconstructed — see the methodology.
Epoch AI residual — Huawei, Meta, Microsoft and the wafer-scale startups, at dense BF16.
~1.1M H100-equivalents: Huawei Ascend, Meta MTIA, Microsoft Maia, Cerebras, Groq, Tenstorrent.
Overlap treatment: Defined as the residual of Epoch's fleet total after the four named vendors, so the five AI lines sum to the fleet exactly once.
Growth: compounding at 3.80× a year (6.2-month doubling) between published vintages.